Reply to: Limited benchmarks constrain the conclusions of a general

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription $32.99 / 30 days cancel any time Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access $259.00 per year only $21.58 per issue Buy this article - Purchase on SpringerLink - Instant access to the full article PDF. USD 39.95 Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout References Beaulieu-Jones, B. & Nemati, S. Limited benchmarks constrain the conclusions of a general-purpose versus clinical AI comparison. Nat. Med. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04638-6 (2026). Vishwanath, K. et al. General-purpose large language models outperform specialized clinical AI tools on medical benchmarks. Nat. Med. 32, 2405–2409 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04431-5 (2026). Funding E.K.O. is supported by the National Cancer Institute’s Early-Stage Surgeon Scientist Program (3P30CA016087-41S1) and the W.M. Keck Foundation. This work was supported by a grant from the Institute for Information & Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation (IITP) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) of the Republic of Korea government (no. RS-2019-II190075 Artificial Intelligence Graduate School Program (KAIST); no. RS-2024-00509279, Global AI Frontier Lab). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Author information Authors and Affiliations Contributions K.V., Y.A. and E.K.O., jointly supervised the study, conceptualized the design and wrote the initial draft. K.V. performed the statistical analyses and experiments. All authors reviewed and approved the final paper. Corresponding authors Ethics declarations Competing interests E.K.O. reports equity in MarchAI and Artisight, spousal employment by Eikon Therapeutics and consulting for Sofinnova Partners, Google and Alphatec Holdings. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. Additional information Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Vishwanath, K., Aphinyanaphongs, Y. & Oermann, E.K. Reply to: Limited benchmarks constrain the conclusions of a general-purpose versus clinical AI comparison. Nat Med (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04637-7 Received: Accepted: Published: Version of record: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04637-7